In his provocative 2018 book, " Los cárteles no existen: Narcotráfico y cultura en México " (translated in 2022 as Drug Cartels Do Not Exist ), Mexican journalist and professor Oswaldo Zavala
Los cárteles no existen: Narcotráfico y cultura en México Los Carteles No Existen Oswaldo Zavala Pdf Gratis
Title: The Phantom
If you're interested in Zavala's actual argument, I recommend checking your local public library, an academic database, or a legal ebook retailer. The book is widely discussed in Mexican and Latin American studies—its core claim is that "cartels" are largely a rhetorical and political fabrication used to expand state and corporate power. In his provocative 2018 book, " Los cárteles
The "Cartel" Myth: He claims that the idea of cartels as independent empires that "overpower the state" is a fabrication. Instead, drug trafficking is often strictly controlled by official government institutions. Is it true that figures like "El Chapo"
Future Research Directions
State-Sanctioned Myths: He claims that the Mexican and U.S. governments have constructed a "national security myth". By portraying traffickers as "enemies of the State," the government can justify the militarization of public life and distract from the fact that organized crime often functions as a subset of state power.